50岁及以上人群手握力与空气污染的关联研究

目的 分析室内、外空气污染与≥50岁人群手握力的关联。方法 采用WHO全球老龄化与成人健康研究中国项目第一轮基线调查,室外空气污染以PM_2.5平均浓度（基于卫星遥感数据进行估计）进行描述,室内空气污染通过燃料和烟囱使用情况进行描述,采用两水平（个体层面和社区层面）线性模型分析室内、外空气污染与中国≥50岁人群手握力的关系。结果 共纳入13 175名≥50岁中老年人。手握力为（26.67±0.54）kg。调整性别、年龄、居住地区、文化程度、家庭经济水平、水果蔬菜摄入状况、吸烟、饮酒和体力活动后,室外PM_2.5浓度与手握力呈负相关（β=-0.23,95% CI：-0.31～-0.14）。在农村,相比使用固体燃料（非清洁）,使用清洁燃料可以提高手握力值（β=1.41,95% CI：0.36～2.46）。但在城市地区,未发现使用清洁燃料对手握力值有显著影响（β=0.19,95% CI：-0.95～1.32）。结论 室外PM_2.5与室内污染合并暴露与≥50岁人群低手握力显著相关,提示了慢性长期空气污染暴露有可能是我国中老年人较低机体功能的重要危险因素之一。     

Robust semiparametric gene-environment interaction analysis using sparse boosting

For the pathogenesis of complex diseases, gene-environment (G-E) interactions have been shown to have important implications. G-E interaction analysis can be challenging with the need to jointly analyze a large number of main effects and interactions and to respect the “main effects, interactions” hierarchical constraint. Extensive methodological developments on G-E interaction analysis have been conducted in recent literature. Despite considerable successes, most of the existing studies are still limited as they cannot accommodate long-tailed distributions/data contamination, make the restricted assumption of linear effects, and cannot effectively accommodate missingness in E variables. To directly tackle these problems, a semiparametric model is assumed to accommodate nonlinear effects, and the Huber loss function and Q_n estimator are adopted to accommodate long-tailed distributions/data contamination. A regression-based multiple imputation approach is developed to accommodate missingness in E variables. For model estimation and selection of relevant variables, we adopt an effective sparse boosting approach. The proposed approach is practically well motivated, has intuitive formulations, and can be effectively realized. In extensive simulations, it significantly outperforms multiple direct competitors. The analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas data on stomach adenocarcinoma and cutaneous melanoma shows that the proposed approach makes sensible discoveries with satisfactory prediction and stability.     

Effects of caregiver-involved interventions on the quality of life of children and adolescents with chronic conditions and their caregivers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Quality of Life Research - Childhood chronic conditions have a considerable effect on the quality of life (QoL) of pediatric patients and their caregivers. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to...     

Penalized integrative semiparametric interaction analysis for multiple genetic datasets

In this article, we consider a semiparametric additive partially linear interaction model for the integrative analysis of multiple genetic datasets. The goals are to identify important genetic predictors and gene-gene interactions and to estimate the nonparametric functions that describe the environmental effects at the same time. To find the similarities and differences of the genetic effects across different datasets, we impose a group structure on the regression coefficients matrix under the homogeneity assumption, ie, models for different datasets share the same sparsity structure, but the coefficients may differ across datasets. We develop an iterative approach to estimate the parameters of main effects, interactions and nonparametric functions, where a reparametrization of interaction parameters is implemented to meet the strong hierarchy assumption. We demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method in identification, estimation, and prediction in a series of numerical studies. We also apply the proposed method to the Skin Cutaneous Melanoma data and the lung cancer data from the Cancer Genome Atlas.     

慢性髓系白血病中let-7a-3甲基化态势及其临床意义

目的：探讨慢性髓系白血病（CM L ）患者中let‐7a‐3启动子的甲基化态势及其临床意义。方法建立实时定量甲基化特异性PCR （RQ‐MSP）分别检测25例对照者及52例CML患者骨髓单个核细胞中let‐7a‐3启动子未甲基化水平。结果52例CM L患者未甲基化let‐7a‐3启动子（59．6％）为阳性,而对照组仅1例（4％）阳性,两组比较差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．01）。ROC曲线分析表明,let‐7a‐3启动子未甲基化作为辅助诊断CM L有较好的特异性。未甲基化let‐7a‐3启动子水平与BCR／ABL融合基因转录水平呈显著正相关（ r＝0．641,P＝0．001）,但与患者的白细胞、血小板计数及血红蛋白水平无明显相关性（ P＞0．05）。在慢性期和加速期let‐7a‐3未甲基化水平显著高于急变期。结论 let‐7a‐3基因低甲基化水平随疾病进展而降低。     

肝切除术联合术中胆道镜治疗17例肝内胆管结石的疗效分析

目的：探讨肝切除术联合术中胆道镜治疗肝内胆管结石的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析该院肝胆外科2005～2014年行肝切除术联合术中胆道镜治疗肝内胆管结石17例患者的临床资料,根据肝内胆管结石的分布,其中左外叶6例,左半肝5例,右肝第Ⅵ段3例,第Ⅶ段1例,第Ⅷ段1例,左外叶合并右后叶下段1例。17例患者均采用传统肝叶或肝段切除术（单钳法联合第一肝门阻断技术）,其中左外叶切除6例,左半肝切除5例,右肝第Ⅵ段切除3例,第Ⅶ段切除1例,第Ⅷ段切除1例,左外叶联合右后叶下段切除1例,同时行胆总管切开取石、T管引流附加手术10例,所有患者术中均常规行胆道镜检查。结果17例患者均治愈,无严重并发症,无远期结石复发。结论肝切除术联合术中胆道镜是治疗肝内胆管结石积极、有效、彻底的方法。     

老年患者胃癌根治术丙泊酚靶控浓度与脑电双频指数变化的关系

目的 :探讨老年患者胃癌根治术丙泊酚靶控浓度与脑电双频指数变化的关系。方法 :老年患者胃癌根治术患者120例根据随机数字表法分为治疗组与对照组各60例,所有患者都选择气管插管丙泊酚靶控麻醉,治疗组的靶浓度从0.5μg/m L开始逐级递增,递增梯度为0.5μg/m L;对照组靶浓度从2.0μg/m L开始逐级递增,递增梯度为1.0μg/m L。两组患者都记录了清醒状态时、意识消失时、插管前、插管后1min、插管后3min的脑电双频指数(BIS)、平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR)。观察与记录两组患者的丙泊酚效应室浓度与意识消失时丙泊酚诱导总量。结果 :治疗组与对照组的丙泊酚效应室浓度分别为3.14±0.12μg/m L和3.14±0.15μg/m L。治疗组的丙泊酚诱导总量分别为224.84±70.84mg,对照组为248.54±62.01mg,治疗组的丙泊酚诱导总量明显少于对照组。麻醉期间两组的MAP与HR值都呈现明显降低的趋势,不过治疗组插管不同时间点MAP与HR值都高于对照组。两组清醒状态时的BIS值都明显高于其他监测点,而对照组由于丙泊酚用量的增加,BIS下降的幅度更大,组间对比差异都也有统计学意义。结论 :BIS可准确地反应丙泊酚的镇静深度,低剂量丙泊酚靶控输注能有有效保持BIS值稳定与血流动力学稳定,减少丙泊酚诱导总量,保障老年患者胃癌根治术的安全。     

显微耳科手术在无肌松药下瑞芬太尼-丙泊酚全麻疗效

目的：探讨显微耳科手术在无肌松药下瑞芬太尼-丙泊酚全麻疗效。方法：收集我院2011年12月～2014年1月期间进行显微镜下乳突根治术患者共计84例,随机分为无肌松组42例,肌松组42例。两组均给予常规诱导后并气管插管。无肌松组静脉持续输注丙泊酚+瑞芬太尼维持麻醉。肌松组插管后静脉注射维库溴铵0.1mg/kg,持续静脉输注丙泊酚+瑞芬太尼维持麻醉。评价两组患者切皮时（T1）,电钻磨骨时（T2）,拔管后10min （T3）各点肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平;同时记录切皮、电钻磨骨、拔管后10min 患者收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）及心率（HR）。结果：无肌松组和肌松组切皮时、电钻磨骨时,各点收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、心率及肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平差异无统计学意义。拔管后各项观察指标差异有统计学意义。无肌松组和肌松组不良反应和并发症分别为（2.7%、5.4%;16.2%、21.6%）,差异有统计学意义。结论：认为舒芬太尼、丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼联合应用可以抑制血浆肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮对血压的波动,用于显微耳科手术效果满意,安全可行。     

中重度原发性痛经患者不同子宫位置与发病情况关系的调查

目的对原发性痛经患者进行子宫位置与发病情况评估,为进一步临床选穴治疗提供基础数据。方法对来自4个临床分中心的368例原发性痛经患者进行调查,调查内容包括基本情况、子宫位置、疼痛程度、伴随症状。结果 368例被调查者中,子宫前位258例(70.11%),中位20例(5.43%),后位90例(24.46%)。对痛经疼痛程度进行分析,中度疼痛者以子宫前位最多;重度疼痛者以子宫后位最多。对痛经伴随症状(出现频次在50%以上的症状)进行分析,不同子宫位置患者均有全身症状(乏力)和精神症状(忧郁),前者高于后者。子宫前位和中位还伴有局部症状(腰背痛、腿痛)和消化症状(食欲不振),而子宫后位者上述局部症状和消化症状不显著。结论子宫位置可能对痛经疼痛程度、痛经伴随症状有影响,且可能与相关经脉脏腑有关系。